VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language, pronounced vermal or by its initials, originally—before 1995—known as the Virtual Reality Markup Language) is a standard file format for representing 3-dimensional (3D) interactive vector graphics, designed particularly with the World Wide Web in mind. It has been superseded by X3D.

VRML 國際標準與應用指南
Geometry coding and VRML
The annotated VRML 2.0 reference manual
The VRML 2.0 handbook: building moving worlds on the web
V-COLLIDE:accelerated collision detection for VRML
V-COLLIDE: accelerated collision detection for VRML
Content based retrieval of VRML objects: an iterative and interactive approach
Content Based Retrieval of VRML Objects — An Iterative and Interactive Approach
“Content Based Retrieval of VRML Objects - An Iterative and Interactive Approach”
TerraVision II: Visualizing massive terrain databases in VRML