名詞 mistake:

1. a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention
   同義詞：error, fault
2. an understanding of something that is not correct
   同義詞：misunderstanding, misapprehension
3. part of a statement that is not correct
   同義詞：error

動詞 mistake:

1. identify incorrectly
   同義詞：misidentify
2. to make a mistake or be incorrect
   同義詞：err, slip

1. It was a mistake to tell him.
   告訴他是個錯誤。
2. You've made several grammatical mistakes in the composition.
   你的作文中犯了幾處語法錯誤。
3. You mistook my meaning entirely.
   你完全誤解了我的意思。

mis.take

n.（名詞）
An error or a fault resulting from defective judgment, deficient knowledge, or carelessness.
錯誤：由于有缺陷的判斷，知識不足或粗心造成的失誤或錯誤
A misconception or misunderstanding.See Synonyms at error
誤解：錯覺或誤解參見 error
v.（動詞）
mis.took[m-stôk.] mis.tak.en[m-st3.k…n] mis.tak.ing,mis.takes
v.tr.（及物動詞）
To understand wrongly; misinterpret:
誤會：錯誤地理解；曲解：
例句：
mistook my politeness for friendliness.
將我的禮貌誤解為友好

To recognize or identify incorrectly:
誤認：錯誤地認知或鑒別：
例句：
He mistook her for her sister.
他把她誤認作他姐姐了

v.intr.（不及物動詞）
To make a mistake; err.
犯錯：犯錯；錯

來源：
From Middle English mistaken [to misunderstand]
源自 中古英語 mistaken [誤解]
from Old Norse mistaka [to take in error]
源自 古斯堪的納維亞語 mistaka [誤入歧途]
mis- [wrongly] * see mei-
mis- [錯誤地] *參見 mei-
taka [to take]
taka [犯]

【引伸】
mistak.er
n.（名詞）