In literary criticism, a Bildungsroman (; ),Engel (2008) p. 263 and 266.

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The German Bildungsroman from Wieland to Hesse by Martin Swales
The Female Bildungsroman by Toni Morrison and Maxine Hong Kingston
The way of the world : the Bildungsroman in European culture
Reflection and action : essays on the Bildungsroman
Frontmatter : Season of Youth The Bildungsroman from Dickens to Golding
Phantom Formations: Aesthetic Ideology and the Bildungsroman by Mark Redfield
Appearing to diminish : female development and the British bildungsroman, 1750-1850
Discourse and Discipline at the National Research Council: A Bureaucratic Bildungsroman
Teaching & Learning Guide for: Modernist Studies and the Bildungsroman: A Historical Survey of Critical Trends